Written as part of Scribner's "Campaigns of the Civil War" series and published in 1882, the book bristled with criticism of the pair. Abner Doubleday (June 26, 1819 - January 26, 1893) was a career United States Army officer and Union general in the American Civil War. However, he did have a role in popularizing the game. He was the third of five children. During early fighting near Brawners Farm, Doubleday dispatched nearly 1,000 of his men to support forces under General John Gibbon. Thomas Donnelly, his maternal grandfather, was a soldier as well; he had joined the army when he was just 14. Mary Stewart Doubleday Cutting was the daughter of Civil War Brevet Brigadier General Ulysses Doubleday and his wife, ne Mary Stewart. Spalding was set up to determine baseball's originsnamely if it was invented in the United States or derived from games in the United Kingdom. The company closed Kalamazoo operations in 2005 and is now . [20], The Auburn Doubledays are a collegiate summer baseball team based in Doubleday's hometown of Auburn, New York. 23 James M. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), 525-533. Play Button Reminiscences of Forts Sumter and Moultrie in 1860-'61 15 Meredith L. Jones, In Memoriam Abner Doubleday, 1819-1893, commemorative address, New York Monuments Commission for the Battlefields of Gettysburg, Chattanooga and Antietam; and John Cleveland Robinson, 1817-1897. Soon, he commanded the artillery for Major General Nathaniel Banks division called Army of the Potomac. One of three sons born in upstate New York of a family outstanding in military and civil life (his father was a congressman and his grandfather a Revolutionary War Veteran), Abner Doubleday graduated from West Point in 1842, 25th in a class of 56, and was assigned to the Artillery-Infantry. Abner Doubleday's grandfather, also named Abner, fought in the American Revolution, including being a mounted messenger to George Washington at the age of 14. Mary Hewitt had married Abner Doubleday eight years earlier, when she was about 28 and he was a 32-year-old first lieutenant. Doubledays first combat came during the Mexican War. In September 1845, a group of New York City men founded the New York Knickerbocker Baseball Club. Spalding was engaged in a dispute with Henry Chadwick. During the first day of fighting, he was forced to take command of the I Corps following the death of General John Reynolds. Instead, he served as a Union major general in the American Civil War and later became a lawyer and writer. Born Abner DOUBLEDAY United States Army officer and Union general in the American Civil War Born on June 26, 1819 in Ballston Spa, New York, USA , United States Died on January 26, 1893 in Mendham, New Jersey, USA Born on June 26 44 Deceased on January 26 40 Family tree Report an error Doubleday Elisha 1713 - 1806 Bayley Hannah 1732 - 1774 Freeman In 1861 he was second-in-command at Fort Sumter, where he ordered the Unions first shots of the Civil War in response to the bombardment by secessionist forces. When forces under General Jubal Early threatened the city in July 1864, he was briefly placed in command of defensive units, but was never engaged. He fired the first shot in defense of Fort Sumter, the opening battle of the war, and had a pivotal role in the early fighting at the Battle of Gettysburg. Promoted to full colonel in the regular army in March 1865, he remained in administrative duty until the end of the war. Gen. John P. Hatch was wounded so Doubleday took command of I Corps and successfully blocked a Confederate assault. Abner Doubleday (1819-1893) was a U.S. military officer who served as a Union general during the Civil War (1861-65). By his indefatigable industry and good management he had become well. He died on January 26, 1893. At the Battle of Antietam on Sept. 17, 1862, near . [25], In 2004, the Abner Doubleday Society erected a monument to Doubleday in Iron Spring Park, Ballston Spa, near his birthplace.[26]. Doubleday was posted to the garrison at Fort Moultrie at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1858, an assignment that had a huge influence on his military career.13 In the 1850s there was a huge split in the Army over slavery. For this achievement, he used to refer to himself as the Hero of Sumter.. Born: 26-Jun-1819 Birthplace: Ballston Spa, NY Died: 26-Jan-1893 Location of death: Mendham, NJ . In 1858 he posted to Florida. Book excerpt: Abner Doubleday: His Life and Times is a full-length biography of a man who lingered on the fringes of history for nearly 150 years. Popularity Last Name Doubleday Abner Doubleday Is A Member Of Born In 1819 War Heroes First Name Abner Cancers Abner Doubleday Fans Also Viewed Thomas Edison War Hero Daniel Harvey Hill Samuel P Carter [2][3], Doubleday, the son of Ulysses F. Doubleday and Hester Donnelly, was born in Ballston Spa, New York, in a small house on the corner of Washington and Fenwick streets. In the actions at Brawner's farm, just before the Second Battle of Bull Run, he took the initiative to send two of his regiments to reinforce Brigadier General John Gibbon's brigade against a larger Confederate force, fighting it to a standstill. The commission used flimsy evidencethe claims of one man, mining engineer Abner Graves, who said he went to school with Doubledayto come up with the origin story, which managed to stick. Nearly two decades earlier, while at West Point, Doubleday had been classmates with future Union generals John Pope, John Newton, and William Starke Rosecrans -- as well as a South Carolinian named James Longstreet. Doubleday stayed in the army after the Civil War and in 1866 assumed command of troops in New York City. The game was created long before he was even born. Phoenix, AZ 85004 Doubleday was a cadet at West Point in the year of the alleged invention and his family had moved away from Cooperstown the prior year. New York State Library - Manuscripts and Special Collections . At Chancellorsville in May 1863, the division was kept in reserve. When the founding members of the society moved to India, he was made its new president. His father fought in the War of 1812, serving at the naval facility at Sacketts Harbor in New York.3 He returned to Auburn, New York, after the war. In a letter to his wife he discussed the battle: The most awful battle of the War occurred yesterday. Associated With He and Thomas Edison both belonged to the Theosophical Society. Doubleday became an Army captain and served as second-in-command at Fort Sumter, a Union sea fort in the Charleston, South Carolina, harbor, when the Confederacy began the Civil War by shelling . Gen. Abner Doubleday Library of Congress Quick Facts Significance: Union general during the Civil War Place of Birth: Ballston Spa, New York Date of Birth: June 26, 1819 Place of Death: Mendham, New Jersey Date of Death: January 26, 1893 Place of Burial: Arlington, Virginia Cemetery Name: Arlington National Cemetery [16] There is a 7-foot (2.1m) obelisk monument at Arlington National Cemetery where he is buried. This has been proven to be false. This flies in the face of the fact that Doubleday was a plebe at West Point at that time, was only 20 years old, and had never left West Point from August 1838 until his graduation in 1842. All Rights Reserved. Wrong username or password. Doubleday received some bruises and could not hold the reins of a horse for a long time.20, Doubledays bravery and that of his troops at Antietam earned him promotion to major general of U.S. Doubleday had a number of West Point classmates who served in the Civil War, including John Newton and John Pope. They then attacked near my position opening with from 100 to 150 pieces of artillery. The Mills Commission relied heavily on testimony from Doubleday's childhood classmate, Abner Graves, who spent the final years of his life in an insane asylum after murdering his wife. If Doubleday were still alive he would likely wonder why his name is connected with baseball and not with his participation in the Civil War battles including Fort Sumter, Second Manassas, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg.38. Seven of those brigades sustained casualties that ranged from 35 to 50 percent, indicating the ferocity of the Union defense. He died in 1893 at the age of 73. Doubleday's father had participated in the 1812 war. Abner Doubleday was a Union general during the Civil War who is often mistakenly credited with inventing the game of baseball. 20 Rufus R. Dawes, Service with the Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers (Marietta, Ohio: E.R. Alice Gaylord , Richard Treat, Blanche de BRIENNE , Guillaume de FIENNES. [15], There is a monument to Doubleday at Gettysburg erected by his men, admirers, and the state of New York. True Alexander Cartwright is credited with being the inventor of modern baseball. Doubleday would play a significant role in the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863. He was promoted to the rank of colonel in 1867. His story is one of a man who was remembered for a myth, not his actual deeds. Tibbits Family . Furthermore, the primary testimony to the commission that connected baseball to Doubleday was that of Abner Graves, whose credibility is questionable; a few years later, he shot his wife to death and was committed to an institution for the criminally insane for the rest of his life. A Civil War hero named Abner Doubleday is often credited with developing the game in 1839, but the real history is olderand more complicated. His troops fought in the Second Battle of Manassas August 29-30, then in the Battle of South Mountain in Maryland on September 14. "[5] He was wounded when an artillery shell exploded near his horse, throwing him to the ground in a violent fall. His Doubleday grandfather, also named Abner, had fought in the American Revolutionary War. Abner Doubleday (1819-1893) was a U.S. military officer who served as a Union general during the Civil War (1861-65). .avia-section.av-k6v62xgq-c0812a68936ee67ed4883eaa9d35be9b{ Still bitter at Meades refusal to grant him a corps command, Doubleday also testified against his former commander in front of a Congressional committee. In 1859 Doubleday was stationed at Fort Moultrie in Charleston. Fun & Games. You may have heard the charming tale of how war hero Abner Doubleday invented baseball in Cooperstown, New York. 26 civilwararchive.com/CORPS/1stcorps.htm. [Major General Abner Doubleday of General Staff U.S. References to games resembling baseball in the United States date back to the 18th century. In reality, Doubleday was a bookish man who was not known to participate in athletics. While this myth was later debunked, many baseball teams and fields continue to bear his name. . The letter was published in a newspaper and eventually used by the Mills Commission to support its finding that the game was of American origin. However, a lot of counterevidence has been presented by baseball historians that refute this claim. He criticized Meades handling of the Gettysburg Campaign and argued that a pro-slavery faction existed within the Union Army. Abner's namesake paternal grandfather had survived the brutal Valley Forge winter and fought in the Battles of Bunker Hill and Stony Point, while his other grandfather . In this administrative capacity he was charged with investigating issues such as blockade running, bribery and treason. His family lived in a tiny house, and they all slept in the attic. On Cemetery Hill, however, the I Corps could muster only a third of its men as effective for duty, and the corps was essentially destroyed as a combat force for the rest of the battle; it would be decommissioned in March 1864, its surviving units consolidated into other corps. Liljenquist Family collection (Library of Congress) Repository Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 . . Doubleday was a well-known Civil War general. }, Cronkite School at ASU 1994 Baseball Strike; Game On! His last-year scores were 26th in Engineering; 29th in Ethics; 30th in Infantry Tactics; 32nd in Artillery; and 32nd in Mineralogy and Geology. Abner Doubleday was born to Ulysses F. Doubleday and Hester Donnelly, in Ballston Spa, New York, on 26th June 1819. [5], Doubleday was promoted to major on May 14, 1861, and commanded the Artillery Department in the Shenandoah Valley from June to August, and then the artillery for Major General Nathaniel Banks's division of the Army of the Potomac. Doubleday asked his superiors to purchase baseball implements for the amusement of the men.32, After an illness, and after being bitten by a copperhead33 on the way to Brownsville, Texas, Doubleday retired from the Army in 1873. In 1867 he briefly served as sub-assistant commissioner in the Bureau of Freedmen, Refugees and Abandoned Lands, an office that assisted Black Americans in the transition from slavery to freedom. The committee's final report, on December 30, 1907, stated, in part, that "the first scheme for playing baseball, according to the best evidence obtainable to date, was devised by Abner Doubleday at Cooperstown, New York, in 1839." Doubledays childhood days were spent in Auburn, after which he went to Cooperstown to pursue further studies. Travel. The Auburn Doubledays is a minor league baseball team which has been named after him. He subsequently referred to himself as the "hero of Sumter" for this role. He was an official scorer for the New Yankees but was also involved in the Baseball Writers Association of America. After being denied the position of I Corps commander by Mead, Doubleday traveled to Washington, D.C. As it turns out, the real history of baseball is a little more complicated than the Doubleday legend. Volunteers. The ostensible reason was a false report by XI Corps commander Major General Oliver O. Howard that Doubleday's corps broke first, causing the entire Union line to collapse, but Meade also had a long history of disdain for Doubleday's combat effectiveness, dating back to South Mountain. He passed away on Jul 3 1865 in Cooperstown, Otsego County, New York, USA. READ MORE: Baseball Opening Day Fun Facts. He published books and newspapers as well. Parents. His brother Thomas ran a well-known bookshop, TD Doubleday, on Wall Street. Abner Doubleday was born in 1819 in Ballston Spa, NY. Phone: 602.496.1460 He remained in division command for the Battle of Antietam, in which his unit sustained heavy casualties at an area known as the Cornfield. For his performance at Antietam, Doubleday was promoted to major general of volunteers in November 1862. "Bats, Balls, and Bullets". A staunch abolitionist and supporter of Abraham Lincoln, he soon found himself surrounded by secessionist fervor. He published two important works on the Civil War: Reminiscences of Forts Sumter and Moultrie (1876), and Chancellorsville and Gettysburg (1882), the latter being a volume of the series Campaigns of the Civil War.[6]. [23], Mendham Borough and Mendham Township, New Jersey has held a municipal holiday known as "Abner Doubleday Day" for numerous years in the General's honor[24] and commissioned a plaque near the site of his home in the borough in 1998, even though the borough was known as Mendham Township back then. Cooperstown businessmen and major league officials seized on myths enduring power in the 1930s, when they established the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in the village. Born in Piers, town, New York County, New York, USA on Jan 1 1801 to Abner Doubleday and Mercy Freeman. While I completely understand hating on the game this is just a weird obsessive level of hate. In 1846, the Knickerbockers played the first official game of baseball against a team of cricket players, beginning a new, uniquely American tradition. Emily Gumpert assisted with this project as well. Also while in Washington, Doubleday testified against George Meade at the United States Congress Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War, criticizing him harshly over his conduct of the Battle of Gettysburg. Doubleday's body was laid in state in New York's City Hall and then was taken to Washington by train[5] from Mendham, and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington County, Virginia. [5] He was wounded in the neck on the second day of Gettysburg and received a brevet promotion to colonel in the regular army for his service. He earned some legal experience from his position as he was in charge of courts martial. Abner Doubleday. Overall, Doubleday stood number 19 in a class of 76 members; many first-year students did not make it through the plebe year. brother Major Seth Doubleday [18] It hosted the annual Hall of Fame Game, an exhibition game between two major league teams that was played from 1940 until 2008. 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